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May 26, 1931. s A, MORK 1,807,002

ROADBED EQUIPMENT AND METHOD OF! USING THE SAME Filed Oct. 31. 1929 Z/ fl welrfiiil I I i i tw/rwi I w 1- I N V EN TOR. firm/a5 AL FRED MORK,

A TTORNEY.

l atented May 26, 1931 VTUNIT'ED STATES PATENT OFFICE svERnE ALFRED MORE, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT or COLUMBIA BOADBED EQUIPMENT AND METHOD OF USING THESAME Application filed October 31, 1929. Serial No. 403,849.

My invention, forming the subject-matter of this specification, relates generally to moldedrail ties and the method of fastening l wooden inserts placed, in the molded tie to re ceive fastening devices and by shock and jar incident to driving standard fastening devices into such inserts. The rigid concrete tie has a tendency to break at the center portion due to stresses set up by trains and such ties do not afford thedesired elasticity incate sections may be employed in interchangeable relationship, and the elimination the roadbed. V

This invention contemplates the manufacture of a molded concrete tie'made in separate sections held in spaced relation by a hinge joint permittingrelative movement of the sections but preventing contact of the molded sections with each other when use. The sections are duplicates enabling them to beused on either side of the roadbed in terchangeable relationship. The invention also contemplates the provision of metal inserts in the tie sections for holding any type of standard fastening means. The inserts are formed of metal or metal compositions which are easily fusible under the influence of heatapplied thereto so that the fastening members, of whatever type employed, may be anchored in the inserts without shock or jar attending'the ordinary driving or forcing of such fastening device into the tie or inserts provided. The invention also contem plates the-novel methodof fastening stand ard rails to the ties by standard rail spikes or lag screws and involves no change in the character of such elements. The method comprises applying heat to the fusible metal insert in any well known manner, preferably by using an electric circuit and a source of electrical energy. When an electric circuit is employed one side of the circuit will beconnected with the fusible metal and the other side with the fastening element, so that the heating of the fusible metal will allow the fastening element to enter the metal and be firmly retained therein when the metal cools. This method minimizes replacements and breakage and facilitates easy and inexpensive maintenance of roadbed equipment. F or ex ample, rails may be fastened or the fastening tightened by useing any source of electrical energy suitable to' heat the fusible metal. a

Among the objects of this invention is the provision of a molded tie structure, sections of which are hinged together to afford the desired elasticity yet retaining all of the well known advantages of the concrete tie with elimination of the tendency of breakage at the center portions of such ties.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a tie structure in which dupli of wood inserts and the like, to receive fasten,- mg means. v A further object'of the invention is the provision ofa simple anchoring means into which standard rail fastening elementsmay be forced without jar or shock liable to in jure the tie structure. 7

Still a further object of-the invention is the provision of a novel method of fastening rails to the tie sections and the method of: easily tightening the fastenings of rails by the application of heat to fusible means serving to anchor fastening elements-in the tie.

The rail tie andmethod of this invention is hereinafter disclosed in a preferred embodiment, for. purposes of illustration, by the specification and drawingsforming a part thereof. n

In the drawings, whereinlike reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several figures I Figure 1 is a side elevational plan view of a complete tieflassembly in accordance with the invention, showing rails mounted there on r of Fig. 1.

Fig.2 is a top plan view of the tie assembly Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional View of one of the tie elements showing the reinforcing elements, hinge structure, and the fusible metal anchoring means employed. This figure is also a diagrammatic showing of one manner of application of an electrical current employed to heat the fusible elements- Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view through one of the tie section taken. on. the.

line 44: of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view ofone of "the hinge elements employed.

With reference to the drawings, a complete rail tie in accordance with: the inven:- tion comprises two duplicate complementary tie sections 1 and 2, formed from some suitable plastic material such as concrete. fastened together l a pivot orhin'gestructure 3, interposed between adjacent ends of the sections. Tt'is desirable in. the complete assembly, that the ends of the complementary concrete sections be kept from contact with each other to avoid breakage which is ac complishedin the present structure by h av' ing the pivot or hinge members l of'eaclr tie section projectbeyond the end of the molded'portionjofthe section. The ends-of" the tie sections which are pivoted are suitably cutaway, as at 5, to provide clearance permitting the tie sections to moveabout the" pivot 3 without bringingthe concrete portions into engagement. To provide for the direct fastening of respective tie sections (0' limit pivotal movement, each section may be equipped with a combined reinforcing and fastenlng member 6 imbedded in the con crete and projecting at the pivotal end of thesection. The combined reinforcing and-fasrel-ativo totenin'g members may be fastened each other by any suitable fasteningmeans such as a key or an ordinary bolt.

Each tie section comprises a body of'suit able material such as concrete. including'su-it' able reinforcing elements 7 which are com-prising U-shaped members di sposed liori zontally in the tie section. substantially para'l lower portions of the section.

Combine-d reinforcing and hinge elements 4 are molded in each section, said elements beingshown in the form of aperturedistraps having one end bent back to forma hinge loop to accommodate a hinge pin or king bolt 8, when the section is assembled witlra cli1p-. licate section. to form a complete tie unit. The hinge elements are so spaced and located,

that each tie section is capable of being usedv rown in the drawing for purpose of illustration as through the loop of the hinge elements. It will be understood, in bringing together complementary tie sections, that the hinge elements are brought into registry and overlapping relation to receive the hinge pin or king bolt.

The imbedded hinge elements 4 have their inner apertured ends connectedwith the re spective ends of U-shaped reinforcing members 9 and 10 in the body of the tie section. These rein-forcing elements may, if desired, be. formed integral .with the hinge elements, but in the preferred form of the invention illustrated, are --sho-wn as separate reinforcing elements fastened to the hinge members. Therein-forcingmembers 9 and 10+are disposed. diagonally in the molded sections en tering the lower ends ofspaced recesses or wells 12 formed in the body of thetie'secti'on, the purposeof which will be presentlydescribed.

The recesses or wells 12open through the tions to provide suitable anchorage in the tie.

Many forms for anchoring the metal in the body of the tie willioccur to' those skilled in the art. The prefered and simple form selected for illustration shows the walls defining the recesses or wells diverging from the upper surface of the tie to form a well larger at the bottom th'anat the top. The spacing of the recesses, is determined longitudinally of the tie section bythe width of thebase of the rail to be accommodated, and laterally of the tie section by the number of fastening points desired for the rail.

In the drawings, there is shown a conventional rail plate 15 separated from the concrete .tie by the insulation element 21 and havn inga rail 16 resting-on the plate in. asse1nlel with the sides thereof, in the upper and bled. position. The apertures in the rail plate for receiving fastening devices i are shown .in registry with the wells provided in the tie so that the rail binding element, of-whatever form employed, may be. inserted through thepla-te and into contactwith the metal provided in the wells of the tie section. The insulation element 21 forms an elastic joint between the metal surfaces of the rail or rail support and the tie. This provision minimizes the traction noises and the-attrition of the metal elements-on the concrete of the tie. The insulation 21' ispreferably composed ofa composition of asphalt and some fiber preferably asbestos. The asphalt and'asb'estos combination is at all times we tcrproof and forms a medium which will pro-' vide a permanent'base. In the case ofwood,

by the lead 18 extending tothe hinge con-v nection between the tie sections, and the other side connected by conductor 19 to any suitable means to make contact with the rail fastening member 13. Thus connected, a circuit will be established from the source of electrical energy 17, by way of the fastening element 13, fusible metal 14, reinforcing rods and hinge element 4, to the other side of the source of energy. It will be understood, by

those skilled in the art, that any scheme of connectionswhich brings opposite sides of a suitable source of energy to the fastening element and the fusible metal will sui'lice,

when thecircuit is closed to melt the fusible metal allowing the fastening'elementto be forced into the softened metal to the fastening position whereit is helduntil the metal cools. l/Vith thefastening elementextended into the softened metal, the circuit is broken and the metal is allowed to rapidly cool, thus imbedding and securely holding the fastening element in position. The usual rough surface of standard fastening devices is suflicient to present anchoring voids into which the softened metal flows to securely bind when cool. Fastening devices having mutilated surfaces or screw threads are very firmly anchored by the fusible metal. 7 In building and maintaining roadbed using the device and method of the invention, many advantages become apparent from the description. For example, energy for fusing the metal in the ties may be obtained from suitable portable machine or vehicle designed for transport along the track; or any other source for applying heat may be en ployed. If it should become necessary to replace one of the tie sections, such replacement may be made Without removing the counterpart section and should it become necessary to tighten loosened rails, it is only necessary to apply heat to the fusible metal and pressure 'to the parts to procure the degree of tightness desired. Removal of parts and replacements are minimized by'the tightening method described and handling and transportation difiiculties are solved by the employment of duplicate counterpart tie sections of relatively small Weight.

The applicant has described his invention tra'tion except for such limitations as the appended claims may impart.

, I claim: v 1. In a device of the character described, a molded concrete body, and means imbedded in the body easily fusibleunder the influence of heat for anchoring fastening elements.

2-. In adeviceof the character described, a molded reinforced concrete body having a flat seat portion and spaced pockets, and fusible metal disposed in the" pockets adapted to receive and anchor rail fastening elements.

3.1n a device of the character described, a molded concrete body provided with a rail seat and having-spaced recesses formed therein, reinforcing means imbedded in the con crete body, said means having portions ex posed in the recesses and portions extending beyond the body, and fusible metal in the recesses in contact with said reinforcing means. i

4. A roadbed assembly comprising a rail, a molded concrete tie provided'with a seat portion to support the rail, fusible metal imbedded in the tie, a rail plate, an asphalt and fibre body interposed between the said plate and the concrete tie, and rail fastening elements engaging the rail and anchored in the fusible metal. a 5. In combination, a reinforced, concrete tie having spaced recesses formed therein, fusible metal in the recesses, a rail, and fastoning means engaging th'e rail and anchored in the fusible metal.

' 6. In combination, a reinforced concrete tie having spaced recesses formed therein,

fusible metal in the recesses, a rail, an as-.

phalt'a'nd fibre composition between the rail and concrete tie, and rail fastening means engagingv the rail and anchored in the fusible metal for binding the elements together.

.7. The method of fastening rails to concrete ties having fusible metalsections which comprises, applying heat to the metal sections, forcing a fastening device into the metal while heated, and allowing the metal to cool to firmly engage the fastening device.

8. The method of-anchoringmembers to concrete bodies having fusible metal imbedded therein which comprises, fusing the metal by anelectric current, forcing a fastening element into engagement with the metal and within the fusible metal, and allowing the metal to cool to firmly engage the fastening device. V

9. The method of tightening a fastening for a rail and concrete tie having fusible metal sections which comprises, simultaneously applying heat to the fusible metal and positioning force to the fastening means, discontinuing the application of heat, and maintaining the positioning force until the fusible metal cools.

10.In combination, two molded concrete members, each member having spaced recesses formed therein and fusible metal disposed in the recesses to receive fastening elements, and combined metallic reinforcing and connecting means conductive of an electric current imbedded in the members and eX- tending into contact with the fusible metal in the recesses in each member, said reinforcing and connecting means including a pivotal connection intermediate the members, whereby said means and the fusible metal may pass an electric current When used to melt the fusible metal.

11. A molded reinforced concrete support comprising counterpart molded bodies, metal fastening means for connecting ends of the bodies to permit relative movement of the bodies, means easily fusible under the influence of heat in each body for receiving and retaining rail fastening elements, and metallic conductors connecting the fastening means and fusible means to provide electricalconnection between the fusible elements in the counterpart molded bodies.

12. In a device of the characterdescribed, molded concrete members each provided with a rail seat and spaced recesses formed therein, fusible metal in the recesses, metallic reinforcing means imbedded in each of the members, said means having portions disposed in the recesses in contact with the fusible metal and portions extending beyond the end of the member, means conductively connecting the extending portions from each member together to permit relative move ment of the members, and to provide conductive connection between fusible metal in the members.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

SVERRE.ALFRED MORK. 

